S&w M&p 9 Co2 Blowback Airsoft Pistol Review
| Due south | |
|---|---|
| S s ſ | |
| (Run across below) | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing organization | Latin script |
| Type | Alphabetic and Logographic |
| Language of origin | Latin language |
| Phonetic usage |
|
| Unicode codepoint | U+0053, U+0073 |
| Alphabetical position | 19 |
| History | |
| Development |
|
| Time menstruation | ~-700 to nowadays |
| Descendants |
|
| Sisters |
|
| Variations | (See beneath) |
| Other | |
| Other letters commonly used with | s(x), sh, sz |
S, or south, is the nineteenth letter of the alphabet in the Modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its name in English is ess [1] (pronounced ), plural esses.[2]
History
Origin
Northwest Semitic šîn represented a voiceless postalveolar fricative /ʃ/ (as in 'ship'). It originated most likely as a pictogram of a tooth ( שנא ) and represented the phoneme /ʃ/ via the acrophonic principle.[three]
Ancient Greek did not have a /ʃ/ phoneme, so the derived Greek letter of the alphabet sigma ( Σ ) came to correspond the voiceless alveolar sibilant /s/. While the letter shape Σ continues Phoenician šîn, its proper name sigma is taken from the letter samekh, while the shape and position of samekh just name of šîn is connected in the xi.[ citation needed ] Within Greek, the name of sigma was influenced past its association with the Greek word σίζω (earlier *sigj- ) "to hiss". The original name of the letter "sigma" may have been san, but due to the complicated early history of the Greek epichoric alphabets, "san" came to be identified as a split letter, Ϻ.[4] Herodotus reports that "San" was the name given by the Dorians to the aforementioned letter called "Sigma" by the Ionians.[5]
The Western Greek alphabet used in Cumae was adopted by the Etruscans and Latins in the 7th century BC, over the following centuries developing into a range of Erstwhile Italic alphabets including the Etruscan alphabet and the early on Latin alphabet. In Etruscan, the value /south/ of Greek sigma (𐌔) was maintained, while san (𐌑) represented a separate phoneme, most likely /ʃ/ (transliterated as ś). The early Latin alphabet adopted sigma, but not san, every bit Old Latin did non accept a /ʃ/ phoneme.
The shape of Latin S arises from Greek Σ by dropping i out of the four strokes of that alphabetic character. The (angular) S-shape equanimous of three strokes existed as a variant of the four-stroke letter Σ already in the epigraphy in Western Greek alphabets, and the three and iv strokes variants existed alongside one another in the classical Etruscan alphabet. In other Italic alphabets (Venetic, Lepontic), the letter could be represented every bit a zig-zagging line of any number betwixt 3 and half-dozen strokes.
The Italic letter was also adopted into Elder Futhark, equally Sowilō (ᛊ), and appears with 4 to eight strokes in the earliest runic inscriptions, but is occasionally reduced to iii strokes (ᛋ) from the after 5th century, and appears regularly with iii strokes in Younger Futhark.
Long s
Tardily medieval German language script (Swabian bastarda, dated 1496) illustrating the use of long and round southward: prieſters tochter ("priest's daughter").
The minuscule form ſ, chosen the long s, developed in the early medieval catamenia, inside the Visigothic and Carolingian easily, with predecessors in the half-uncial and cursive scripts of Late Artifact. It remained standard in western writing throughout the medieval menstruation and was adopted in early printing with movable types. It existed alongside minuscule "round" or "curt" s, which was at the time but used at the end of words.
In about western orthographies, the ſ gradually fell out of use during the 2nd one-half of the 18th century, although it remained in occasional utilise into the 19th century. In Spain, the change was mainly achieved between the years 1760 and 1766. In France, the change occurred between 1782 and 1793. Printers in the United States stopped using the long southward between 1795 and 1810. In English language orthography, the London printer John Bell (1745–1831) pioneered the change. His edition of Shakespeare, in 1785, was advertised with the claim that he "ventured to depart from the mutual fashion by rejecting the long 'ſ' in favor of the circular one, as being less liable to error....."[half dozen] The Times of London made the switch from the long to the short s with its issue of ten September 1803. Encyclopædia Britannica's 5th edition, completed in 1817, was the final edition to apply the long s.
In High german orthography, long s was retained in Fraktur (Schwabacher) type as well equally in standard cursive (Sütterlin) well into the 20th century, and was officially abolished in 1941.[7] The ligature of ſs (or ſz) was retained, however, giving rise to the Eszett, ß in contemporary German language orthography.
Use in writing systems
The letter ⟨s⟩ is the 7th most mutual letter in English language and the third-virtually common consonant after ⟨t⟩ and ⟨n⟩.[viii] It is the well-nigh common letter for the kickoff letter of a word in the English language language.[ix] [10]
In English language and several other languages, primarily Western Romance ones similar Spanish and French, final ⟨s⟩ is the usual mark of plural nouns. Information technology is the regular ending of English language third person present tense verbs.
⟨southward⟩ represents the voiceless alveolar or voiceless dental sibilant /southward/ in almost languages as well equally in the International Phonetic Alphabet. It too normally represents the voiced alveolar or voiced dental sibilant /z/, equally in Portuguese mesa (table) or English 'rose' and 'bands', or it may correspond the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative [ʃ], equally in most Portuguese dialects when syllable-finally, in Hungarian, in German (before ⟨p⟩, ⟨t⟩) and some English language words as 'sugar', since yod-coalescence became a dominant feature, and [ʒ], as in English 'measure out' (also considering of yod-coalescence), European Portuguese Islão (Islam) or, in many sociolects of Brazilian Portuguese, esdrúxulo (proparoxytone) in some Andalusian dialects, it merged with Peninsular Spanish ⟨c⟩ and ⟨z⟩ and is now pronounced [θ]. In some English language words of French origin, the alphabetic character ⟨due south⟩ is silent, as in 'isle' or 'debris'. In Turkmen, ⟨due south⟩ represents [θ].
The ⟨sh⟩ digraph for English /ʃ/ arises in Middle English (alongside ⟨sch⟩), replacing the Quondam English ⟨sc⟩ digraph. Similarly, Old High High german ⟨sc⟩ was replaced past ⟨sch⟩ in Early Modern High German language orthography.
- ſ : Latin letter long s, an obsolete variant of s
- ẜ ẝ : Various forms of long southward were used for medieval scribal abbreviations[11]
- ẞ ß : German Eszett or "abrupt S", derived from a ligature of long s followed by either s or z
- S with diacritics: Ś ś Ṡ ṡ ẛ Ṩ ṩ Ṥ ṥ Ṣ ṣ S̩ s̩ Ꞩ ꞩ Ꟊꟊ[12] Ŝ ŝ Ṧ ṧ Š š Ş ş Ș ș S̈ s̈ ᶊ Ȿ ȿ ᵴ[thirteen] ᶳ[14]
- ₛ : Subscript pocket-sized s was used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet prior to its formal standardization in 1902[xv]
- ˢ : Modifier letter small s is used for phonetic transcription
- ꜱ : Small-scale capital S was used in the Icelandic First Grammatical Treatise to marker gemination[11]
- Ʂ ʂ : S with hook, used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the early draft version of pinyin romanization during the mid-1950s[16]
- Ƨ ƨ : Latin alphabetic character reversed Due south (used in Zhuang transliteration)
- IPA-specific symbols related to S: ʃ ɧ [ commendation needed ] ʂ
- Ꞅ ꞅ : Insular S
Derived signs, symbols, and abbreviations
- $ : Dollar sign
- ₷ : Spesmilo
- § : Section sign
- ℠ : Service mark symbol
- ∫ : Integral symbol, short for summation (derived from long s)
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets
- 𐤔 : Semitic letter Shin, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Ս : Armenian letter Se
Computing codes
| Preview | S | s | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode proper noun | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Southward | LATIN SMALL LETTER S | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 83 | U+0053 | 115 | U+0073 |
| UTF-8 | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
| Numeric character reference | S | S | s | s |
| ASCII one | 83 | 53 | 115 | 73 |
- 1 Also for encodings based on ASCII, including the DOS, Windows, ISO-8859 and Macintosh families of encodings.
Other representations
Chemistry
The letter of the alphabet S is used:
- In a chemical formula to stand for sulfur. For example, Then
2 is sulfur dioxide. - In the preferred IUPAC name for a chemical, to indicate a specific enantiomer. For example, "(South)-2-(4-Chloro-two-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid" is i of the enantiomers of mecoprop.
Come across also
- Absurd S
- Meet nearly Ⓢ in Enclosed Alphanumerics
References
- ^ Spelled 'es'- in compound words
- ^ "S", Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition (1989); Merriam-Webster's Third New International Lexicon of the English Language, Unabridged (1993); "ess," op. cit.
- ^ "corresponds etymologically (in part, at least) to original Semitic ṯ (th), which was pronounced s in South Canaanite" Albright, West. F., "The Early on Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment," Message of the American Schools of Oriental Research 110 (1948), p. xv. The interpretation every bit "molar" is now prevalent, but non entirely certain. The Encyclopaedia Judaica of 1972 reported that the letter represented a "composite bow".
- ^ Woodard, Roger D. (2006). "Alphabet". In Wilson, Nigel Guy. Encyclopedia of aboriginal Greece. London: Routldedge. p. 38.
- ^ " ...τὠυτὸ γράμμα, τὸ Δωριέες μὲν σὰν καλέουσι ,Ἴωνες δὲ σίγμα " ('...the same letter, which the Dorians call "San", only the Ionians "Sigma"...'; Herodotus, Histories 1.139); cf. Nick Nicholas, Non-Attic letters Archived 2012-06-28 at archive.today.
- ^ Stanley Morison, A Memoir of John Bell, 1745–1831 (1930, Cambridge Univ. Printing) page 105; Daniel Berkeley Updike, Press Types, Their History, Forms, and Employ – a written report in survivals (2nd. ed, 1951, Harvard University Printing) page 293.
- ^ Order of 3 January 1941 to all public offices, signed by Martin Bormann. Kapr, Albert (1993). Fraktur: Grade und Geschichte der gebrochenen Schriften. Mainz: H. Schmidt. p. 81. ISBNthree-87439-260-0.
- ^ "English Letter Frequency". Archived from the original on 2014-05-23. Retrieved 2014-05-21 .
- ^ "Letter of the alphabet Frequencies in the English language Language". Retrieved July two, 2021.
- ^ "Which English Letter Has Maximum Words". June 25, 2012.
- ^ a b Everson, Michael; Baker, Peter; Emiliano, António; Grammel, Florian; Haugen, Odd Einar; Luft, Diana; Pedro, Susana; Schumacher, Gerd; Stötzner, Andreas (2006-01-30). "L2/06-027: Proposal to add Medievalist characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-nineteen. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Everson, Michael; Lilley, Chris (2019-05-26). "L2/19-179: Proposal for the addition of iv Latin characters for Gaulish" (PDF).
- ^ Constable, Peter (2003-09-30). "L2/03-174R2: Proposal to Encode Phonetic Symbols with Middle Tilde in the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Lawman, Peter (2004-04-19). "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ Ruppel, Klaas; Aalto, Tero; Everson, Michael (2009-01-27). "L2/09-028: Proposal to encode additional characters for the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-10-xi. Retrieved 2018-03-24 .
- ^ West, Andrew; Chan, Eiso; Everson, Michael (2017-01-16). "L2/17-013: Proposal to encode three uppercase Latin letters used in early on Pinyin" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-12-26. Retrieved 2019-03-08 .
External links
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S
Belum ada Komentar untuk "S&w M&p 9 Co2 Blowback Airsoft Pistol Review"
Posting Komentar